Added November 23, 2001. Updated November 26, 2001, 00:57 hours.
This page will be updated occasionally
to add and revise information.
The Cham Culture
By
Maximilian O. Baldia
(Copy Right © 2001-November 26, 2001. All rights reserved)
Under
Construction!
List of Tables
Table 1. Detailed list of calibrated Cham C14 dates
Table 2. Cultures coexisting with Cham
List of Figures
Figure 1. Central European chronological table
Figure 2. Graph of calibrated Cham C14 dates
Introduction
The purpose of this text is to provide a general overview of the culture and is intended as a resource for students and teachers of European Archaeology.
Location
The type-site is
located in the hills west of the German/Bohemian border.
Dating
Cham follows Altheim in roughly in eastern Lower Bavaria, Germany. Cham probably develops between 3200 – 3100 cal BC. It may end as late as late as 2700/2600 cal BC. Different methods result in different ranges. Floruit estimation of 34 Cham radiocarbon assays at the 95% confidence interval results in a short time span of 3030 – 2780 cal BC.[1] In part, this may be due to the predominance of dates from the relatively early and short lived enclosed site of the Galgenberg.
Table 2. Cultures coexisting with Cham (Floruit estimation at the 95% confidence interval, Ottaway 1999 Appendix 13.2).
|
Culture |
C14
Asseys |
cal BC |
|
Globular
Amphora |
16 |
3570-2470 |
|
Horgen |
23 |
3410-2840 |
|
29 |
3350-2860 |
|
|
TRB/Walternburg-Bernburg |
13 |
3170-2790 |
|
Cham |
34 |
3030-2780 |
|
Ochre Graves |
16 |
2920-2510 |
|
Vučedol (Vucedol) |
22 |
2910-2340 |
|
Corded Ware |
26 |
2880-2240 |
Pottery
Stone Tools
Houses
Villages
Burials
References and Credits
Raetzel-Fabian,
Dirk
1986 Phasenkartierung des
mitteleuropäischen Neolithikums: Chronologie und Chorologie. B.A.R. International Series 316, 1986.
Ottaway, Barbara S.
1973a An analysis of cultural relations in
Neolithic north-central Europe based on copper ornaments. In C. Renfrew, The explanation of culture change: Models in
Prehistory. Duckworth, London. 1973:609-616.
1973b Earliest Copper Ornaments in Northern
Europe. Proceeding of the Prehistoric Society, 39:294-353, London.
1984 Zwei neolithische Siedlungsgrabungen in Niederbayern. Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt, 14/1:23-29.
1986 Neue
Radiocarbondaten Altheimer und Chamer Siedlungsplätze in Niederbayern. Archäologisches
Korrespondenzblatt,
16/2:141-156.
1999 A Changing Place: The Galgenberg in
Lower Bavaria from the Fifth to the First Millennium BC. BAR International
Series 752, Archaeopress, Hadrian Books, Oxford.
Please send comments or questions to Max Baldia.