Hopewell C14 Dates. © The Comparative Archaeology WEB

Added February 18, 2002. Updated March 27, 2004, 15:41 hours.

This page will be updated occasionally to add and revise information.

Hopewell C¹⁴ Dates

Maximilian O. Baldia

List of Tables

Table 1. Graph of calibrated Hopewell C¹⁴ dates

Introduction

The purpose of this text is to provide a general overview of the culture and is intended as a resource for students and teachers of European Archaeology.

Table 1. Detailed list of calibrated Hopewell C¹⁴ dates[1]

(Source: The Kentucky, Ohio and West Virginia Radiocarbon Database (1995/96) with additions from sources in Pacheco 1996.)

Pollock Works Beta-35925 : 2340+60-390BP

68.2% probability

540BC ( 0.8%) 530BC

520BC (59.4%) 350BC

290BC ( 7.9%) 230BC

95.4% probability

800BC (95.4%) 200BC

Hopewell MND Gr. Md. 17 C-137 : 2285+210-335BP

68.2% probability

800BC (68.2%) 50BC

95.4% probability

900BC (95.4%) 200AD

Pollock Works UGA-4242 : 2270+65-320BP

68.2% probability

400BC (25.5%) 350BC

320BC (37.6%) 230BC

220BC ( 5.1%) 200BC

95.4% probability

520BC (95.4%) 160BC

Pollock Works UGA-4241 : 2220+70-270BP

68.2% probability

380BC (68.2%) 200BC

95.4% probability

400BC (95.4%) 90BC

Philo Group:Area E TX-2374 : 2160+60-210BP

68.2% probability

360BC (24.2%) 280BC

260BC (44.0%) 110BC

95.4% probability

380BC (95.4%) 50BC

Philo Group:Mound E : 2160+60-210BP

68.2% probability

360BC (24.2%) 280BC

260BC (44.0%) 110BC

95.4% probability

380BC (95.4%) 50BC

Liberty Ewks./E. Harness MND DIC-662 : 2150+155-200BP

68.2% probability

390BC (66.7%) 20BC

10BC ( 1.5%) AD

95.4% probability

800BC ( 2.1%) 650BC

550BC (93.3%) 250AD

Newark Works: Great Circle Beta-58449 : 2110+80-160BP

68.2% probability

350BC ( 7.2%) 320BC

230BC ( 1.5%) 220BC

210BC (56.6%) 40BC

30BC ( 1.0%) 20BC

10BC ( 1.9%) AD

95.4% probability

380BC (95.4%) 60AD

MND City Gr. MND 13 OWU173 : 2100±150BP

68.2% probability

360BC (12.3%) 280BC

260BC (54.3%) 30AD

40AD ( 1.6%) 60AD

95.4% probability

550BC (95.4%) 350AD

Harness 28ETH-3068 : 2075+90-125BP

68.2% probability

210BC (68.2%) 30AD

95.4% probability

360BC (94.4%) 90AD

100AD ( 1.0%) 120AD

Hopewell MND Gr. Md. 25 C-139 : 2044+250-94BP

68.2% probability

400BC (68.2%) 250AD

95.4% probability

800BC (95.4%) 600AD

Murphy Beta-15267 : 2040+80-90BP

68.2% probability

170BC (64.8%) 30AD

40AD ( 3.4%) 60AD

95.4% probability

360BC ( 4.1%) 290BC

240BC (91.3%) 130AD

Pollock Works UGA-4641 : 2025+105-75BP

68.2% probability

180BC (68.2%) 90AD

95.4% probability

400BC (95.4%) 250AD

Purdom MND Gr. Adams' MND 1-2 Beta-53459 : 2020±60BP

68.2% probability

100BC (68.2%) 60AD

95.4% probability

180BC (92.9%) 90AD

100AD ( 2.5%) 130AD

Pollock Works Beta-6396 : 2000+70-50BP

68.2% probability

100BC (68.2%) 90AD

95.4% probability

200BC (95.4%) 140AD

Liberty Ewks./E. Harness MND DIC-662LC : 1980+155-30BP

68.2% probability

180BC (68.2%) 220AD

95.4% probability

400BC (95.4%) 400AD

Cox B Site I-16023 : 1980±80BP

68.2% probability

90BC ( 3.0%) 70BC

60BC (65.2%) 130AD

95.4% probability

180BC (95.4%) 230AD

Purdom MND Gr. Adams' MND 1-2 Beta-53458 : 1970±70BP

68.2% probability

50BC (59.6%) 90AD

100AD ( 8.6%) 130AD

95.4% probability

170BC ( 3.0%) 130BC

120BC (92.4%) 220AD

Pollock Works Beta-28968 : 1960+70-10BP

68.2% probability

50BC (68.2%) 130AD

95.4% probability

160BC ( 1.4%) 130BC

120BC (94.0%) 230AD

Hopewell MND Gr. MND 25, C-136 : 1951+200-1BP

68.2% probability

200BC (68.2%) 350AD

95.4% probability

400BC (95.4%) 550AD

Pollock Works Beta-28967 : 1950±60BP

68.2% probability

40BC ( 2.1%) 30BC

20BC ( 3.1%) 10BC

AD (63.0%) 130AD

95.4% probability

100BC ( 1.6%) 70BC

60BC (93.8%) 230AD

Mound City Gr. MND 3 OWU154 : 1950±1BP

68.2% probability

31AD (19.1%) 38AD

54AD (49.1%) 70AD

95.4% probability

20AD (95.4%) 85AD

Mound City Gr. MND 23 OWU323 : 1950±1BP

68.2% probability

31AD (19.1%) 38AD

54AD (49.1%) 70AD

95.4% probability

20AD (95.4%) 85AD

Liberty Ewks./E. Harness MND DIC-1189 : 1950±1BP

68.2% probability

31AD (19.1%) 38AD

54AD (49.1%) 70AD

95.4% probability

20AD (95.4%) 85AD

Philo Group:Mound F -? : 1910±80BP

68.2% probability

AD ( 1.6%) 10AD

20AD (66.6%) 220AD

95.4% probability

100BC (95.4%) 330AD

Liberty Ewks./E. Harness MND DIC-801 : 1900±460BP

68.2% probability

400BC (68.2%) 700AD

95.4% probability

1000BC (95.4%) 1100AD

Seip -1 UCLA-292 : 1895±100BP

68.2% probability

AD (68.2%) 240AD

95.4% probability

120BC (95.4%) 390AD

Murphy Beta-16619 : 1890±110BP

68.2% probability

20BC ( 0.9%) 10BC

AD (65.9%) 250AD

300AD ( 1.4%) 320AD

95.4% probability

200BC (95.4%) 400AD

MND City Gr. S. Wall OWU172 : 1890±100BP

68.2% probability

AD (68.2%) 250AD

95.4% probability

110BC (95.4%) 390AD

Pollock Works Beta-28969 : 1870±50BP

68.2% probability

80AD (68.2%) 220AD

95.4% probability

20AD (93.9%) 260AD

300AD ( 1.5%) 320AD

Pollock Works UGA-4640 : 1865±65BP

68.2% probability

80AD (68.2%) 240AD

95.4% probability

AD (95.4%) 340AD

Miskimens/Maxwell MND TX-3287 : 1860±60BP

68.2% probability

80AD (68.2%) 240AD

95.4% probability

20AD (95.4%) 340AD

Purdom MND Gr. Adams' MND 1-2 Beta-53457 : 1850±80BP

68.2% probability

70AD (65.6%) 260AD

300AD ( 2.6%) 320AD

95.4% probability

AD (95.4%) 390AD

LIC79.1/Hale House Beta-28062 : 1845±60BP

68.2% probability

80AD ( 7.9%) 110AD

120AD (60.3%) 250AD

95.4% probability

20AD ( 1.2%) 40AD

50AD (94.2%) 340AD

Pollock Works Beta-12103 : 1840±60BP

68.2% probability

80AD ( 7.4%) 110AD

120AD (60.8%) 250AD

95.4% probability

20AD ( 1.0%) 40AD

50AD (94.4%) 350AD

Pollock Works Beta-6395 : 1830±50BP

68.2% probability

90AD ( 0.9%) 100AD

120AD (67.3%) 250AD

95.4% probability

70AD (95.4%) 340AD

Murphy AA-2823 : 1820±80BP

68.2% probability

80AD ( 5.1%) 110AD

120AD (63.1%) 330AD

95.4% probability

20AD (95.4%) 400AD

Liberty Ewks./E. Harness MND DIC-665 : 1820±70BP

68.2% probability

80AD ( 3.0%) 100AD

120AD (56.5%) 260AD

280AD ( 1.9%) 290AD

300AD ( 6.8%) 330AD

95.4% probability

50AD (95.4%) 390AD

Pollock Works Beta-9049 : 1800±70BP

68.2% probability

120AD (68.2%) 330AD

95.4% probability

70AD (95.4%) 400AD

Pollock Works Beta-35926 : 1790±60BP

68.2% probability

130AD (68.2%) 330AD

95.4% probability

80AD ( 2.8%) 110AD

120AD (92.6%) 400AD

MND City Gr. MND 10OWU51 : 1772±53BP

68.2% probability

130AD ( 4.3%) 150AD

170AD ( 4.9%) 200AD

210AD (59.1%) 350AD

95.4% probability

120AD (95.4%) 400AD

Newark Works:Octagon Beta-76909 : 1770±80BP

68.2% probability

130AD (65.0%) 350AD

360AD ( 3.2%) 390AD

95.4% probability

70AD (95.4%) 430AD

Liberty Ewks./E. Harness MND DIC-1187 : 1770±50BP

68.2% probability

130AD ( 2.2%) 150AD

170AD ( 4.1%) 200AD

210AD (60.8%) 350AD

370AD ( 1.2%) 380AD

95.4% probability

130AD (95.4%) 390AD

Murphy Beta-16620 : 1760±60BP

68.2% probability

180AD ( 1.4%) 190AD

210AD (66.8%) 390AD

95.4% probability

130AD (95.4%) 420AD

Murphy Beta-16621 : 1740±60BP

68.2% probability

230AD (68.2%) 390AD

95.4% probability

130AD (95.4%) 430AD

Seip Earthworks DIC-116 : 1720±80BP

68.2% probability

230AD (68.2%) 430AD

95.4% probability

120AD (95.4%) 540AD

Seip Earthworks DIC-116B? : 1715±50BP

68.2% probability

250AD (68.2%) 400AD

95.4% probability

210AD (95.4%) 440AD

Harness 28: Refuse Trough ETH4242 : 1700±80BP

68.2% probability

240AD (68.2%) 430AD

95.4% probability

130AD (95.4%) 540AD

Pollock Works Beta-9047 : 1690±120BP

68.2% probability

230AD (68.2%) 540AD

95.4% probability

50AD (95.4%) 650AD

Miami Fort (33Ha62 &148) M1869 : 1680±130BP

68.2% probability

230AD (68.2%) 540AD

95.4% probability

50AD (95.4%) 650AD

Seip Earthworks DIC-281a? : 1670±55BP

68.2% probability

260AD ( 8.6%) 280AD

290AD ( 1.1%) 300AD

320AD (58.5%) 430AD

95.4% probability

240AD (95.4%) 540AD

Seip Earthworks DIC-281B? : 1670±10BP

68.2% probability

355AD ( 8.3%) 370AD

380AD (59.9%) 415AD

95.4% probability

340AD (95.4%) 430AD

Newark Works:Octagon Beta-76908 : 1650±80BP

68.2% probability

260AD ( 5.5%) 280AD

320AD (48.5%) 470AD

480AD (14.3%) 540AD

95.4% probability

220AD (95.4%) 600AD

Philo Group:Mound B TX2373 : 1650±60BP

68.2% probability

260AD ( 5.6%) 280AD

320AD (50.7%) 440AD

450AD ( 4.7%) 470AD

480AD ( 1.2%) 490AD

500AD ( 6.1%) 530AD

95.4% probability

240AD (95.4%) 550AD

Purdom MND Gr. Adams' MND 1-2 Beta-64221 : 1630±90BP

68.2% probability

260AD ( 2.5%) 280AD

340AD (65.7%) 540AD

95.4% probability

220AD (95.4%) 640AD

Liberty Ewks./E. Harness MND DIC-802 : 1630±70BP

68.2% probability

340AD ( 8.4%) 370AD

380AD (59.8%) 540AD

95.4% probability

250AD (95.4%) 600AD

Hopewell MND Gr. MND 17 M2342 : 1620±140BP

68.2% probability

250AD ( 6.6%) 300AD

320AD (61.6%) 600AD

95.4% probability

50AD (95.4%) 700AD

Liberty Ewks./E. Harness MND DIC-663 : 1620±65BP

68.2% probability

360AD ( 0.9%) 370AD

380AD (67.3%) 540AD

95.4% probability

250AD ( 5.6%) 300AD

320AD (89.8%) 600AD

Pollock Works Beta-9048 : 1620±60BP

68.2% probability

380AD (68.2%) 540AD

95.4% probability

250AD ( 4.7%) 300AD

320AD (90.7%) 600AD

Liberty Ewks./E. Harness MND DIC-664LC : 1600±65BP

68.2% probability

390AD (68.2%) 540AD

95.4% probability

260AD ( 2.2%) 280AD

320AD (93.2%) 610AD

Murphy: Feat 68 ETH4243 : 1590±70BP

68.2% probability

390AD (68.2%) 560AD

95.4% probability

260AD ( 1.9%) 280AD

320AD (93.5%) 630AD

Liberty Ewks./E. Harness MND DIC-664 : 1500±60BP

68.2% probability

440AD ( 2.2%) 450AD

460AD ( 4.3%) 490AD

530AD (61.7%) 650AD

95.4% probability

430AD (95.4%) 650AD

Liberty Ewks./E. Harness MND DIC-860 : 1500±50BP

68.2% probability

470AD ( 2.2%) 480AD

530AD (66.0%) 640AD

95.4% probability

430AD (95.4%) 650AD

Liberty Ewks./E. Harness MND DIC-661 : 1490±65BP

68.2% probability

440AD ( 1.3%) 450AD

460AD ( 3.4%) 480AD

530AD (63.4%) 650AD

95.4% probability

430AD (95.4%) 660AD

Liberty Ewks./E. Harness MND DIC-1635 : 1200±65BP

68.2% probability

720AD ( 7.1%) 750AD

770AD (56.4%) 900AD

920AD ( 4.7%) 940AD

95.4% probability

680AD (95.4%) 980AD

References and Credits

Maslowski, Robert F., Charles M. Niquette and Derek M. Wingfield

1995/96 The Kentucky, Ohio and West Virginia Radiocarbon Database (Published in 1995, the article appeared originally in the West Virginia Archeologist (Volume 47:1-2). (http://www.crai-ky.com/reports/c14database-report.htm and database in HTML format http://www.crai-ky.com/reports/c14database-1.htm. Web site accessed Feb. 18, 2002. Websites now defunct.)

Pacheco, Paul J. (Ed.)

1996 A View from the Core: A Synthesis of Ohio Hopewell Archaeology. The Ohio Archaeological Council, Columbus, Ohio.

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Please send comments or questions to Max Baldia.

[1] INFORM : References - Atmospheric data from Stuiver et al. (1998); OxCal v3.5 Bronk Ramsey (2000); cub r:4 sd:12 prob usp[chron]